COVID-19 Brochure

Sources :
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/if-you-are-sick/steps-when-sick.html

https://www.google.com/search?q=how+to+avoid+coronavirus&oq=how+to+avoid+corona&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0l3.7157j0j7&client=ms-android-xiaomi-rev1&sourceid=chrome-mobile&ie=UTF-8

https://www.healthline.com/health/coronavirus-transmission

September 11th Attacks

   On September 11, 2001, 19 militants from the Islamic extremist group al Qaeda orchestrated an attack with hijacked airplanes against targets in the United States. In total, four aircraft was hijacked with three succesfully hitting three buildings, two planes were directly flown into the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, collapsing both of them, the third plane hit the Pentagon near Washington, D.C., and the fourth crashed by a retaliation of it's passengers, it crashed in a field in Shanksville, Pennsylvania. Almost 3,000 people were killed and approximately 6,000 injured during the September 11th terrorist attacks, which triggered a global combat against terrorism, with the U.S playing the major initiative.

  The first attack started in 8:02 AM with 2 hijackers stabbing one of the six flight attendants and killing both pilots on an American Airlines Flight 11, a Boeing 767 aircraft en route at 7;59 AM from Boston's Logan International Airport to Los Angeles, with 11 crew and 76 passengers, the plane diverted southward towards New York City, in 8:46 the plane were flown straight into the World Trade Center's north tower, hitting the tower in the 80th floor on the northern facade, killing everyone on board and killing and injuring many in the tower, upon noticing the loss of contacts from the airplane, 2 F-15 fighter jets were scrambled from Otis AFB in Boston at 8:51 AM, the same time as the second hijacking. 

   United Airlines Flight 175, a Boeing 757 en route at 8:14 AM from Logan's International Airport to Los Angeles, with 9 crew and 51 passengers, it too diverted southward towards New York City, hitting the south tower of the WTC between the 77th and 85th floor on the southern facade at 9:03 AM, killing all on board, it is on this occasion that the U.S acknowledged this tragedy as an attack.

   Immediately at 9:04 AM, the FAA ordered a National Ground Stop Order, meaning any aircraft in the U.S were not able to take off and join the airspace, however at 9:05 AM, the third attack was detected, this time an American Airlines Flight 77, a flight departing at 8:20 AM from Washington Dulles International Airport to Los Angeles, with 6 crews and 53 passengers, 11 minutes earlier it had changed course and flew back to Washington DC, cutting off all contacts, at 9:25 AM, the F-15s arrived at Manhattan to a devastating scene, at the same time at Langley AFB in Virginia, 500 kilometers away, two F-16 fighter jets were deployed on the search of Flight 11, at 9:36, the jets vectored to Washington DC, in an attempt to intercept flight 77, however at 9:37, the airplane hit the western facade of the Pentagon, killing all on board.

   Immediately after that, over 4,000 aircraft were ordered to land in various airports across the U.S, however at 9:44 AM, United Airlines Flight 93, with 7 crew and 33 passengers en route from Newark International Airport just outside New York to San Fransisco at 8:42 AM, started behaving erratically, 15 minutes later at 9:59 AM, at the WTC, the 110th story south tower collapses, taking down with it and injuring thousands, at 10:03, Flight 93 crashed in Stonycreek Township near Shanksville Pennsylvania, by the retaliation of it's passengers, killing all on board, 25 minutes later the north tower of the WTC collapses, this 102 minutes would change the course of history.

in commemoration of the 3,000 people who lost their lives in this tragic event.

Credits : 
History.com article
Wikipedia's article
Seconds From Disaster documentary

Infographic :

Edupassion Vlog

    Yes.

here i am again with another post, this time its a vlog

Enjoy

https://youtu.be/vZ9oWXYwnGs

My group :
Idlan Raidhil Ihsan (absence 16)
Farhan Rachmat Dhiaputra (Absence 13)

Storytelling : Charlie Brown and Franz Stigler

Hello everyone today I am going to tell a story about one of the most popular stories of chivalry during WW2, it is about the Charlie Brown and Franz Stigler incident on the 20th December 1943

The first pilot is 2nd lieutenant Charles "Charlie" Brown, an West Virginian farmboy who joined the airforce in World War 2, he was a B-17F bomber pilot, part of the 8th air force of the 379th bombardment group, the second pilot was Franz Stigler, a former Lufthansa pilot and an ace Luftwaffe pilot of the Jagdschwader 27.

The mission was the Ye Olde Pub crew's first and targeted the Focke-Wulf 190 aircraft production facility in Bremen. The men of the 527th Bombardment Squadron were informed in a pre-mission briefing that they might encounter hundreds of German fighters. Bremen was guarded by 250 flak guns. Brown's crew was assigned to fly "Purple Heart Corner," a spot on the edge of the formation that was considered especially dangerous because the Germans targeted the edges, instead of shooting straight through the middle of the formation. However, since three bombers had to turn back because of mechanical problems, Brown was told to move up to the front of the formation.


Brown's B-17 began its ten-minute bomb run at 8,320 m (27,300 ft) with an outside air temperature of −60 °C (−76 °F). Before the bomber released its bomb load, accurate flak shattered the Plexiglas nose, knocked out the #2 engine and further damaged the #4 engine, which was already in questionable condition and had to be throttled back to prevent overspeeding. The damage slowed the bomber, Brown was unable to remain with his formation and fell back as a straggler, a position from which he came under sustained enemy attacks.


Brown's straggling B-17 was now attacked by over a dozen enemy fighters (a mixture of Messerschmitt Bf 109s and Focke-Wulf Fw 190s) of JG 11 for over ten minutes. Further damage was sustained, including damage to the #3 engine, which would produce only half power (meaning the aircraft had at best 40% of its total rated power available). The bomber's internal oxygen, hydraulic and electrical systems were also damaged, and the bomber lost half of its rudder and its port (left side) elevator, as well as its nose cone. Many of the gunners' weapons then jammed, probably as a result of loss of the on-board systems leading to frozen mechanisms (the ground crew did not oil the guns correctly), leaving the bomber with only two dorsal turret guns and one of three forward-firing nose guns (from 11 available) for defense. Most of the crew were wounded: the tail gunner, Eckenrode, was killed by a direct hit from a cannon shell, while Yelesanko was critically wounded in the leg by shrapnel, Blackford's feet were frozen due to shorted-out heating wires in his uniform, Pechout was critically wounded by a cannon shell and Brown was wounded in his right shoulder. The survival kit onboard froze, complicating first-aid efforts by the crew, while the radio was destroyed and the bomber's exterior heavily damaged. Miraculously, all but Eckenrode survived.


Brown's damaged bomber was spotted by Germans on the ground, including Franz Stigler (then an ace with 27 victories), who was refueling and rearming at an airfield. He soon took off in his Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-6 and quickly caught up with Brown's plane. Through the damaged bomber's airframe Stigler was able to see the injured and incapacitated crew. To the American pilot's surprise, Stigler did not open fire on the crippled bomber. He recalled the words of one of his commanding officers from Jagdgeschwader 27, Gustav Rödel, during his time fighting in North Africa, "If I ever see or hear of you shooting at a man in a parachute, I will shoot you myself." Stigler later commented, "To me, it was just like they were in a parachute. I saw them and I couldn't shoot them down."

Twice Stigler tried to get Brown to land his plane at a German airfield and surrender, or divert to nearby neutral Sweden, where he and his crew would receive medical treatment and be interned the remainder of the war. Brown and the crew of the B-17 didn't understand what Stigler was trying to mouth and gesture to them and so flew on. Stigler later told Brown he was trying to get them to fly to Sweden. He then flew near Brown's plane in a formation on the bomber's port side wing, so German antiaircraft units would not target it; he then escorted the damaged B-17 over the coast until they reached open water. Brown, unsure of Stigler's intentions at the time, ordered his dorsal turret gunner to point at Stigler but not open fire to warn him off. Understanding the message and certain that the bomber was out of German airspace, Stigler departed with a salute.

Brown managed to fly the 250 mi (400 km) across the North Sea and land his plane at RAF Seething, home of the 448th Bomb Group and at the postflight debriefing informed his officers about how a German fighter pilot had let him go. He was told not to repeat this to the rest of the unit so as not to build any positive sentiment about enemy pilots. Stigler said nothing of the incident to his commanding officers, knowing that a German pilot who spared the enemy while in combat risked execution. Brown went on to complete a combat tour. Franz Stigler later served as a Messerschmitt Me 262 jet-fighter pilot in Jagdverband 44 until the end of the war.


After the war, Brown returned home to West Virginia and went to college, returning to the newly established U.S. Air Force in 1949 and serving until 1965. Later, as a State Department Foreign Service Officer, he made numerous trips to Laos and Vietnam. In 1972 he retired from government service and moved to Miami to become an inventor.

Stigler moved to Canada in 1953 and became a successful businessman.

In 1986, the retired Lt. Col. Brown was asked to speak at a combat pilot reunion event called a "Gathering of the Eagles" at the Air Command and Staff College at Maxwell AFB, Alabama. Someone asked him if he had any memorable missions during World War II; he thought for a minute and recalled the story of Stigler's escort and salute. Afterwards, Brown decided he should try to find the unknown German pilot.

After four years of searching vainly for US Army Air Forces, U.S. Air Force and West German Air Force records that might shed some light on who the other pilot was, Brown had come up with little. He then wrote a letter to a combat pilot association newsletter. A few months later he received a letter from Stigler, who was now living in Canada. "I was the one," it said. When they spoke on the phone, Stigler described his plane, the escort and salute, confirming everything that Brown needed to hear to know he was the German fighter pilot involved in the incident.

Between 1990 and 2008, Charlie Brown and Franz Stigler became close friends and remained so until their deaths within several months of each other in 2008.

Questions related to the story (for assignment)
1. What bomber group Brown was in?
2. Why was Brown's bomber was told to move to the front of the formation?
3. Why didn't Stigler shot down Brown's plane?
4. Where did this whole event takes place?
5. What can we learn from the story?

Bonus (answering this is optional)
What armaments are present in the Bf-109G6?

Source : This article in Wikipedia with modifications

Picture : https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fhistori.id%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2017%2F03%2Fcharlie-brown.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fhistori.id%2Fthe-charlie-brown-and-franz-stigler-incident%2F&docid=xuUA9E1igPIKgM&tbnid=z2scd740VjY6HM%3A&vet=10ahUKEwiX8Ya4z5PnAhVp4HMBHSXHDz8QMwhuKAAwAA..i&w=1000&h=604&safe=strict&bih=695&biw=1366&q=franz%20stigler&ved=0ahUKEwiX8Ya4z5PnAhVp4HMBHSXHDz8QMwhuKAAwAA&iact=mrc&uact=8

(Fictional story) 4 Runners and a Bear

  Disclaimer : the following article is a purely fictional story, it is not taken from any real life events other than a few based on general naval combat during The Second World War

  it is said that in November 1941, 3 German destroyers, the Z23, Zl Leberecht Maas, and Z17 Diether von Roeder, was patrolling just off the west coast of France, when suddenly they got a report from a Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor maritime patrol plane reporting the sighting of 2 Royal Navy vessels just 39 miles or 62 kilometers north of their position, the destroyers quickly approached the target location, within an hour the destroyers saw both ships from 10.000 yards away, or about 9 kilometers, they scrambled over to attack, Z23 and Z17 went east to flank the bigger vessel, while Z1 Leberecht Maas went head to head against what seems to be a destroyer, and they were right.

   the destroyer was the HMCS Assiniboine, a Canadian destroyer class ship tasked with escorting the light cruiser HMS Dido, they were on regular patrol off the south coast of England, the fist shot was fired by HMS Dido at the destroyer Z1 Leberecht Maas, but missed, Assiniboine turned hard to port and full steamed ahead to engage Z1 Leberecht Maas, not knowing the presence of the other 2 enemy vessels.

   Z23 fired its 15cm guns on HMS Dido, Z17 did the same, both shots landing close in the waters around HMS Dido, while Dido concentrated its fire on Z1 Leberecht Maas, Z1 was hit with 4 shells from Dido's 5.25 inch guns, and a further 6 shells from Assiniboine's 4.7 inch guns, disabling 2 of it's torpedo launchers and the rangefinding system, making it harder to determine the ranges of the allied vessels, and a fire had spread on the crew compartment.

   taking advantage of the distracted Allied vessels, Z23 and Z17 both turned to it's side to fire salvos, they barraged HMS Dido for about 10 minutes until HMS Dido turned it's guns on them, a 40 minute firefight between the vessels commenced, the Dido having difficulties aiming due to the damage suffered by the initial barrage, it was then heavily damaged and tried to retreat, however the lightly damaged Z23 puts the final blow into the light cruiser, sinking the crippled vessel, now their attention turns towards the HMCS Assiniboine.

seeing the situation, the HMCS Assiniboine rushed to the now crippled Z1 Leberecht Maas, firing everything it had as a revenge for the loss ship, after sinking the German vessel, it charged at Z17 and Z23, the ship managed to maneuver around the shells fired by the other 2 German vessel, and successfully ramming Z23 on its port side, leading to imbalances in the hull of both ships, but in a very risky move the Assiniboine fired at point blank range, damaging itself and Z23 in the process, both of them continued firing at each other at point blank range, with main guns, light AA guns, and heavy AA guns, in the end both of them sank with almost all hands, leaving Z17 to carry out the evacuation, in the end, 14 German sailors and 7 British sailors were rescued, and they returned to France shortly after.

My Favorite Animal : The Spinosaurus

The Spinosaurus

The Spinosaurus was 15 meter high, 7.5 ton Theropod that lives during the upper Albanian to upper Turonian stages of the Cretaceous period, approximately 112 to 93.5 million years ago, the Spinosaurus lived in what is now North Africa, the Spinosaurus' bones were discovered in 1912 but was not explained until 1915 by paleontologist Ernst Stormer, it was one of the most unique dinosaurs as distinguished by its "spine" On its back, this is where the name Spinosaurus came from, which means "Spine Lizard".

The Spinosaurus is a carnivorous type of dinosaurs, in fact it is one of the biggest, even then it feast on bigger species among the Titanosaur, and it had to defend itself from the 10 meter long crocodylomorph Stomatosuch and the 12 meter long, 10 ton Sarcosuchus which is a type of prehistoric crocodile that lived in the same areas as the Spinosaurus, it is also known that the Spinosaurus can swim

Despite the fossils found are from Egypt, Tunisia, and Morocco, the contents from it's stomach are analyzed to be of European and South American specimens, as the part of Pangea it's in broke apart in the Jurrasic era, though it is known that the Spinosaurus lived in the African Coast, where the weather is hot and humid, although by 94 million years ago the Spinosaurus lived in North Africa, where the area was now surrounded by sea and the preys were mostly water based animals, this may have caused the Spinosaurus to change it's diet and repurposed it's spine as some sort of a swimming fin or a rudder to help the Spinosaurus in the water. 

Why did I like the Spinosaurus?, well it's because not only does it looks cool, it is also one of the contenders for the infamous Tyrannosaurus Rex, also it is a fast runner, about 17km/h tops, yet with that it can also swim, which is a unique ability to have for a dinosaur this big. 

I hope y'all enjoyed this small blog about the Spinosaurus, I'll be sure to make more when the time is available, have a nice day and see you soon. 

Biography : Erwin Rommel

Helloo again readers, today i'll tell you about my own inspiration, and person is Johannes Erwin Eugen Rommel, or widely known as Erwin Rommel
    

So, Who is Erwin Rommel?

Johannes Erwin Eugen Rommel (15 November 1891 – 14 October 1944) was a German general and military theorist. Popularly known as the Desert Fox, he served as field marshal in the Wehrmacht (Defense Force) of Germany during World War ll, as well as serving in the Reichswehr of the Weimar Republic, and the army of Imperial Germany

Rommel was a highly decorated officer in World War I and was awarded the Pour le Mérite for his actions on the Italian Front. In 1937 he published his classic book on military tactics, Infantry Attacks, drawing on his experiences from World War I. In World War II, he distinguished himself as the commander of the 7th Panzer Division during the 1940 invasion of France. His leadership of German and Italian forces in the North African campaign established his reputation as one of the most able tank commanders of the war, and earned him the nickname der Wüstenfuchs, "the Desert Fox". Among his British adversaries he earned a strong reputation for chivalry, and the North African campaign has often been called a "war without hate". He later commanded the German forces opposing the Allied cross-channel invasion of Normandy in June 1944.

Why did i choose this Rommel as my inspiration?

Rommel was a very advanced military commander in World War ll, he was able to lead his army in a very professional way and thus gain staggering amounts of victory, notably during the North African Campaign, yet despite him being on the Axis side, he always respected his enemy and never committed war crimes unlike any other Axis division during World War ll, he deliberately disobeyed Hitler's orders to execute any enemy personnel captured by his division, in return he was both respected and praised back by the Allies, he was also considered one of the best generals of World War ll.

Rommel has become a larger-than-life figure in both Allied and Nazi propaganda, and in postwar popular culture, with numerous authors considering him an apolitical, brilliant commander and a victim of the Third Reich. Rommel's reputation for conducting a clean war was used in the interest of the West German rearmament and reconciliation between the former enemies – the United Kingdom and the United States on one side and the new Federal Republic of Germany on the other. Several of Rommel's former subordinates, notably his chief of staff Hans Speidel, played key roles in German rearmament and integration into NATO in the postwar era. The German Army's largest military base, the Field Marshal Rommel Barracks, Augustdorf, is named in his honour.

That's all I can tell, about this person, if you want to know more you can visit his Wikipedia page or any website detailing this person, thank you for reading and see you next time! 

Source : https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erwin_Rommel

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Erwin-Rommel&ved=2ahUKEwjajp-xgfrkAhUU148KHRh7AYgQFjAiegQIAhAB&usg=AOvVaw0iGWtsuIGZllRPYk9LIeJL

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.biography.com/.amp/political-figure/erwin-rommel&ved=2ahUKEwjajp-xgfrkAhUU148KHRh7AYgQFjAjegQICRAB&usg=AOvVaw1WPw6NkTvLDN8wbddU6FO1&ampcf=1

Presentation link :
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